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TECHNOFIX, Chapters 4 and 5

Translation of report Corporatewatch.org on techno-fixes
by The Lucinda .


original PDF in English: download / available online .





See above:
CHAPTER 1: THE TECHNO-FIXING
CHAPTER 2: Addressing climate change by techno-setting: problems and alternatives.
CHAPTER 3: The perspective of dominant firms on climate change.

Chapters 4 and 5:
technologies and energy efficiency. (summary scores)

Hydrogen:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 1 / 10.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 10.

Democratization: 1 / 10, the dominance of large companies is the access condition.

Social equity: 3 / 10, no new side effects, but an inequality already existing energy.

Durability: 2 / 10, although it avoids the use of fossil fuels, it perpetuates the negative impacts of car use.

Variability scale: 2 / 10, requires a huge infrastructure, much more expensive (and elitist) that the current automotive technology.

first generation agrofuels:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 1 / 10.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 8.

Democratization: 2 / 10, increases the power of agribusiness at the expense of opportunities to exploit local and limited.

Social equity: 1 / 10, rising food prices, seizures land and violate the rights of workers;

Durability: 1 / 10, its expansion depends on agricultural conversion and damages the ecosystem.

Variability Scale: 1 / 10.

capture and storage of carbon / fossil fuel "clean"

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 3 / 10.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 7.

Democratization: 1 / 10, the dominance of large companies is provided access.

Social equity: 3 / 10, no new side effects, but perpetuates the injustices of the coal industry.

Durability: 3 / 10, the coal reserves are by definition limited, and mine are having a negative impact on ecosystems.

Variability Scale: 4 / 10, which applies only to major sources of supply.

Nuclear Energy:

Effectiveness in reducing emissions of greenhouse gases: 4 / 10.

Efficiency at height its media and figures in science: 1 / 3.

Democratization: 1 / 10, the dominance of large companies is the access condition.

Social equity: 1 / 10, the waste is borne by future generations for a very long time.

Durability: 3 / 10, depends on the sustainability of fuel and waste issues get worse as we extend its use.

Variability Scale: 5 / 10, does not fit all needs globally.

Solar energy:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 8 / 10, the panel construction is a consumer of carbon.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 3.

Democratization: 7 / 10, only requires a centralized manufacturing and high technology, its use may be highly decentralized.

Social equity: 7 / 10, no side effects and can extend electricity to areas not accessible, but then attention to the aspect of "colonizing" of access to energy.

Durability: 6 / 10, perhaps the problem with raw materials and the impacts associated with manufacturing.

Variability scale: 7 / 10, can provide large-scale storage, but the question remains unresolved.

Wind:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 8 / 10, construction of wind turbines is a consumer of carbon.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 2.

Democratization: 5 / 10, such as solar, can be decentralized implementation, but rather the current situation favors big business.

Social equity: 8 / 10, no side effects, can expand access to energy.

Durability: 8 / 10.

Variability scale: 7 / 10, can provide large-scale storage, but the question remains unresolved.

Hydraulic energy: hydropower, tidal energy, wave energy.

The first is an old technology (dams) and the two others are still the experimental. Their impact on the ecosystem is too important for any analysis can be notified.

Biomass:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 6 / 10, the potential is reduced by the contingency of transport and emissions.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 3.

Democratization: 9 / 10 for biogas and the traditional use of biomass, 3 / 10 for the new generation of electricity and heat that emanate from majors.

Social equity: 7 / 10 for biogas.

Durability: 10/10 for biogas, 3 / 10 for the new generation of electricity and heating, it could be improved, but it relies on a change in land use.

Variability Scale: 3 / 10.

Expansion vs. network. Decentralised Energy:

score	Extension Network	decentralized energy
efficiency to reduce emissions	6 / 10, could encourage consumption of renewable energy.	6 / 10, more efficient use of existing fuels, but does not eliminate fossil fuels and microgeneration can be inefficient.
Efficiency up to its media and figures in science	1 / 4	1 / 2
Democratization	2 / 10 is control by electricity, far concerns of individuals and communities.	7 / 10, power is so decentralized in the hands of local structures.
Social equity	3 / 10, the phenomenon of "colonization" by the energy.	7 / 10
	Durability 8 / 10, once established, the system should be robust.	5 / 10, many systems still dependent on fossil fuels.
scalability	6 / 10, what proportion of needs?	6 / 10, could expand considerably, in which friends proportions?

geoengineering technologies:

efficiency to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases: 2 / 10.

Efficiency up to its media and figures in science: 1 / 10.

Democratization: 1 / 10, the projects are based on gross inequalities.

Social equity: 1 / 10 lot of negative effects on the inhabitants of deserts, forests, fisheries, victims affected by climate experiments and future generations forced maintain such coercion on the climate.

Durability: 1 / 10, the projects would need to be maintained over very long periods, deploying enormous efforts.

Variability Scale: 1 / 10, no evidence of emission reduction on a large scale.